Select the one best response to each question!
The first part of the duodenum is located at which of the following vertebral levels?
The superior (1st) part of the duodenum lies anterolateral to the body of L1 vertebra
The bile and pancreatic ducts enter which of the following structures?
The bile and pancreatic ducts enter the posteromedial wall of the 2nd portion of the duodenum
Which of the following structures crosses over the inferior or horizontal (third) portion of the duodenum?
The inferior or horizontal (third) portion of the duodenum is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery and vein and the root of the mesentery of the jejunum and ileum
The duodenojejunal junction is supported by the attachment of which of the following structures?
The duodenojejunal junction is supported by the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz)
The superior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries arise from which of the following arteries?
The gastroduodenal artery and its branches, the superior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, supply the duodenum proximal to the entry of the bile duct into the descending (second) portion of the duodenum
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The root of the mesentery crosses all of the following structures EXCEPT
The root of the mesentery crosses (successively) the ascending and horizontal parts of the duodenum, abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, right ureter, right psoas major, and right testicular or ovarian vessels
The superior mesenteric and splenic veins unite to form the portal vein posterior to which of the following structures?
The superior mesenteric and splenic veins unite to form the portal vein posterior to the neck of the pancreas
The sympathetic fibers in the nerves to the jejunum and ileum originate in which of the following spinal cord segments?
The sympathetic fibers in the nerves to the jejunum and ileum originate in the T5 through T9 segments of the spinal cord
Circular folds (plicae circulares) are characteristic of which of the following structures?
The jejunum contains circular folds along with the duodenum. The circular folds are absent in the ileum and large intestine
Omental appendices are located on which of the following structures?
The large intestine can be distinguished from the small intestine by teniae coli, haustra, and omental appendices
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The are no teniae coli in which of the following structures?
There are no teniae in the appendix or rectum
The appendicular artery is a branch of which of the following arteries?
The appendix is supplied by the appendicular artery, a branch of the ileocolic artery
Which of the following structures can be located deep to a point that is one-third of the way along the oblique line, joining the right anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus?
The base of the appendix lies deep to a point that is one-third of the way along the oblique line, joining the right anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (spinoumbilical or McBurney’s point)
Which of the following structures receives parasympathetic innervation from the pelvic splanchnic nerves?
The pelvic splanchnic nerves provide the parasympathetic innervation for the distal one-third of the transverse colon, descending colon, and rectum
The rectum is continuous with the sigmoid colon at the level of which of the following vertebrae?
The rectum, the fixed terminal part of the large intestine, is continuous with the sigmoid colon at the level of S3 vertebra
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All of the following statements concerning the spleen are correct EXCEPT
The spleen is the largest of the lymphatic organs and is a mobile structure entirely surrounded by peritoneum except at the hilum. It lies beneath the 9th, 10th, and 11th ribs and does not normally descend inferior to the costal margin. The spleen varies considerably in size, weight, and shape
The splenic artery usually follows a tortuous course along which of the following structures?
The splenic artery, the largest branch of the celiac trunk, follows a tortuous course posterior to the omental bursa, anterior to the left kidney, and along the superior border of the pancreas
The head of the pancreas is embraced by which of the following structures?
The head of the pancreas is embraced by the C-shaped curve of the duodenum to the right of the superior mesenteric vessels
The head of the pancreas rests posteriorly on which of the following structures?
The head of the pancreas rests posteriorly on the inferior vena cava, right renal artery and vein and left renal vein
The main pancreatic duct and the bile duct unite to form which of the following structures?
The main pancreatic duct and the bile duct unite to form a short, dilated hepatopancreatic ampulla, which opens into the descending part of the duodenum at the summit of the major duodenal papilla
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| 41. The first part of the duodenum is located at which of the following vertebral levels? (A) T10 (B) L2 (C) L1 (D) L5 (E) L3 |
| 42. The bile and pancreatic ducts enter which of the following structures? (A) stomach (B) 2nd portion of the duodenum (C) cecum (D) ileum (E) liver |
| 43. Which of the following structures crosses over the inferior or horizontal (third) portion of the duodenum? (A) pancreas (B) hepatic artery (C) portal vein (D) superior mesenteric artery |
| 44. The duodenojejunal junction is supported by the attachment of which of the following structures? (A) suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) (B) falciform ligament (C) hepatoduodenal ligament (D) greater omentum (E) transverse mesocolon |
| 45. The superior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries arise from which of the following arteries? (A) right colic (B) ileocolic (C) gastroduodenal (D) hepatic (E) splenic |
| 46. The root of the mesentery crosses all of the following structures EXCEPT (A) ascending and horizontal parts of the duodenum (B) abdominal aorta (C) inferior vena cava (D) right ureter (E) splenic artery |
| 47. The superior mesenteric and splenic veins unite to form the portal vein posterior to which of the following structures? (A) right kidney (B) neck of the pancreas (C) pylorus of stomach (D) 2nd portion of the duodenum (E) spleen |
| 48. The sympathetic fibers in the nerves to the jejunum and ileum originate in which of the following spinal cord segments? (A) C5–T1 (B) T1–T5 (C) T5–T9 (D) T9–T12 (E) L1–L2 |
| 49. Circular folds (plicae circulares) are characteristic of which of the following structures? (A) transverse colon (B) stomach (C) jejunum (D) cecum (E) sigmoid colon |
| 50. Omental appendices are located on which of the following structures? (A) stomach (B) duodenum (C) ileum (D) ascending colon (E) liver |
| 51. The are no teniae coli in which of the following structures? (A) ascending colon (B) transverse colon (C) descending colon (D) sigmoid colon (E) appendix |
| 52. The appendicular artery is a branch of which of the following arteries? (A) inferior mesenteric (B) inferior epigastric (C) ileocolic (D) testicular (E) renal |
| 53. Which of the following structures can be located deep to a point that is one-third of the way along the oblique line, joining the right anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus? (A) gallbladder (B) spleen (C) right kidney (D) appendix (E) urinary bladder |
| 54. Which of the following structures receives parasympathetic innervation from the pelvic splanchnic nerves? (A) appendix (B) sigmoid colon (C) ileum (D) ascending colon (E) duodenum |
| 55. The rectum is continuous with the sigmoid colon at the level of which of the following vertebrae?
(A) L3 |
| 56. All of the following statements concerning the spleen are correct EXCEPT (A) largest of the lymphatic organs (B) associated posteriorly with the left 9th through 11th ribs (C) located retroperitoneally (D) normally, does not descend inferior to the costal region (E) varies considerably in size, weight, and shape |
| 57. The splenic artery usually follows a tortuous course along which of the following structures? (A) left kidney (B) greater curvature of the stomach (C) pancreas (D) transverse colon (E) cecum |
| 58. The head of the pancreas is embraced by which of the following structures? (A) stomach (B) spleen (C) cecum (D) C-shaped curve of the duodenum (E) transverse mesocolon |
| 59. The head of the pancreas rests posteriorly on which of the following structures? (A) left renal vein (B) superior vena cava (C) splenic artery (D) duodenum (E) superior mesenteric artery |
| 60. The main pancreatic duct and the bile duct unite to form which of the following structures? (A) common bile duct (B) hepatic duct (C) accessory pancreatic duct |
