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Select the one best response to each question!
Inferiorly, the posterior surfaces of the kidney are related to all of the following structures EXCEPT
Inferiorly, the posterior surfaces of the kidney are related to the quadratus lumborum muscle and the subcostal, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves and vessels
61. The round ligament of the liver is the fibrous remnant of which of the following structures? (A) umbilical vein (B) ductus venosus (C) ductus arteriosus (D) umbilical artery (E) urachus |
62. The porta hepatis gives passage to all of the following structures EXCEPT (A) portal vein (B) hepatic artery (C) hepatic ducts (D) lymphatic vessels (E) cystic artery |
63. Which of the following ligaments encloses the portal triad? (A) hepatoduodenal (B) hepatogastric (C) gastrocolic (D) hepatorenal (E) gastrosplenic |
64. The portion of the hepatic artery extending between the celiac trunk and the gastroduodenal artery is known as the (A) proper hepatic (B) common hepatic (C) right hepatic (D) left hepatic (E) middle hepatic |
65. The hepatic veins drain into which of the following structures? (A) liver (B) inferior vena cava (C) spleen (D) portal vein (E) superior vena cava |
66. The spiral valve is located in which of the following structures? (A) head of pancreas (B) pylorus (C) neck of gallbladder (D) cecum (E) rectum |
67. The cystic artery commonly arises from the right hepatic artery in the angle between the common hepatic duct and which of the following structures? (A) cystic duct (B) celiac trunk (C) portal vein (D) proper hepatic artery (E) gastroduodenal artery |
68. Which of the following veins, when dilated, produces caput medusae? (A) proper hepatic (B) splenic (C) cystic (D) paraumbilical (E) rectal |
69. Inferiorly, the posterior surfaces of the kidney are related to all of the following structures EXCEPT (A) subcostal nerve (B) iliohypogastric nerve (C) ilioinguinal nerve (D) 2nd portion of the duodenum (E) quadratus lumborum |
70. The renal papillae empty into which of the following structures? (A) renal vein (B) ureter (C) minor calyces (D) renal pyramid (E) renal column |
71. All of the following statements concerning the renal hilum are correct EXCEPT (A) the renal vein is anterior to the renal artery (B) the renal artery is anterior to the renal pelvis (C) it is the entrance to the renal sinus (D) it is located on the concave medial margin of the kidney (E) it contains the renal pyramids |
72. The suprarenal glands are located between the superomedial aspects of the kidneys and which of the following structures? (A) neck of the pancreas (B) diaphragm (C) quadrate lobe of the liver (D) mesentery (E) 1st part of the duodenum |
73. Which of the following structures is related to the spleen, stomach, pancreas, and the left crus of the diaphragm? (A) left suprarenal gland (B) left kidney (C) left gonadal vein (D) transverse mesocolon (E) abdominal aorta |
74. All of the following statements concerning the suprarenal cortex are correct EXCEPT (A) derives from mesoderm (B) secretes corticosteroids (C) secretes androgens (D) associated with the sympathetic nervous system (E) causes the kidney to retain sodium |
75. The superior suprarenal arteries are branches of which of the following arteries? (A) abdominal aorta (B) renal (C) inferior phrenic (D) celiac trunk (E) superior mesenteric |
76. Which of the following muscles is considered to be the chief muscle of inspiration? (A) internal intercostal (B) external intercostal (C) diaphragm (D) scalene (E) sternocleidomastoid |
77. All of the following statements concerning the central tendon of the diaphragm are correct EXCEPT (A) It has no bony attachments. (B) It is incompletely divided into three leaves. (C) It is perforated by the aorta. (D) It lies near the center of the diaphragm. (E) It is perforated by the inferior vena cava |
78. The crura of the diaphragm are musculotendinous bundles that arise from which of the following structures? (A) posterior longitudinal ligament (B) sternum (C) bodies of lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, and L3 (D) renal fascia (E) psoas major muscle |
79. The nerves of the kidneys and suprarenal glands are derived from which of the following plexuses? (A) celiac (B) lumbar (C) inferior mesenteric (D) sacral (E) inferior hypogastric |
80. The lateral arcuate ligaments are formed from thickenings from which of the following muscular fasciae? (A) psoas major (B) quadratus lumborum (C) transversus abdominis (D) rectus abdominis (E) sternalis |