[MCQ] Seizures and Epilepsy- Part 1

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Seizures and Epilepsy- Part 1

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Question 1

Seizure is derived from a Latin word “sacire” that means ?

A	“to invade”
B	“to destroy”
C	“to silence”
D	“to take possession of”

Question 1 Explanation:

Seizure is derived from Latin word “sacire” meaning “to take possession of”.

Question 2

What percentage of population will have at least one seizure in lifetime ?

A	~1 - 3 %
B	~3 - 5 %
C	~5 - 10 %
D	~10 - 15 %

Question 3

Highest incidence of seizure is in which of the following age groups ?

A	Infancy
B	Ealy childhood & late adulthood
C	Middle age
D	Old age

Question 3 Explanation:

~5–10% percentage of population will have at least one seizure in lifetime and the highest incidence is in early childhood and late adulthood

Question 4

Which of the following is false about epilepsy ?

A	Single seizure
B	Acute
C	Correctable or avoidable circumstance
D	All of the above

Question 4 Explanation:

Epilepsy is a clinical phenomenon & is said to be present when a person has recurrent seizures due to a chronic, underlying process. A person with a single seizure or recurrent seizures due to correctable or avoidable circumstances, does not have epilepsy. By definition, epilepsy is two or more UNPROVOKED seizures.

Question 5

In which year did the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classify seizure disorders ?

A	1965
B	1978
C	1981
D	1995

Question 5 Explanation:

In 1981, the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification is based on clinical features of seizures and associated EEG findings. Etiology or cellular substrate are not considered.

Question 6

Focal seizures are associated with ?

A	Structural abnormalities of brain
B	Cellular abnormalities
C	Biochemical abnormalities
D	All of the above

Question 6 Explanation:

Focal seizures are associated with structural abnormalities of brain, there are exception though. In the new classification system (International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005–2009), term partial seizures is no longer used and subcategories of “simple focal seizures” and “complex focal seizures” have been eliminated.

Question 7

Generalized seizures are associated with ?

A	Cellular abnormality
B	Biochemical abnormality
C	Structural abnormality
D	Any of the above

Question 7 Explanation:

Generalized seizures may result from cellular, biochemical, or structural abnormalities

Question 8

Main difference between simple partial and complex partial seizure is ?

A	Unilateral or bilateral
B	Focal or generalised
C	Consciousness or unconsciousness
D	Absence or presence of aura

Question 8 Explanation:

If consciousness is fully preserved during seizure, it is termed simple partial seizure. If consciousness is impaired, the seizure is termed complex partial seizure

Question 9

Which of the following is a feature of focal motor seizure ?

A	Jacksonian march
B	Todd’s paral
C	Epilepsia partialis continua
D	All of the above

Question 9 Explanation:

In focal motor seizures, after initiation from a restricted region, abnormal discharges may spread to other wider areas. This is called a “Jacksonian march”. Following focal motor seizure, patient may have localized paresis in the involved region for minutes to many hours (Todd’s paralysis). Focal motor seizure may continue for hours or days (epilepsia partialis continua).

Question 10

Which of the following about complex partial seizures is false ?

A	Begins with an aura
B	Behavioral arrest denotes beginning of ictal phase
C	Reterograde amnesia
D	Automatisms

Question 10 Explanation:

Complex partial seizures are characterized by focal seizure activity with transient unconsciousness, beginning with an aura. Behavioral arrest or motionless stare denotes beginning of ictal phase which marks the onset of the period of amnesia & automatisms. Following seizure anterograde amnesia, confusion or postictal aphasia may be present

Question 11

Which of the following is false about absence seizures ?

A	Sudden, brief loss of consciousness with loss of postural control
B	Typically lasts for only seconds
C	Consciousness returns as suddenly as it was lost
D	No postictal confusion

Question 11 Explanation:

Absence seizures are characterized by sudden, brief lapses of consciousness “without” loss of postural control. Patients stare & cease normal activity for a few seconds, return immediately to normal & have no memory of the event or no postictal confusion

Question 12

Which of the following is false about absence seizures ?

A	Usually begin in childhood (4 to 8 yrs)
B	EEG shows generalized, symmetric, 3-Hz spike-&-wave
C	EEG discharge begin & end suddenly on an abnormal background
D	Hyperventilation provokes EEG discharges & seizures

Question 13

Which of the following will trigger a seizure in most patients with untreated absence seizures ?

A	Exercise
B	Hyperventilation
C	Breath holding
D	Lack of sleep

Question 13 Explanation:

Hyperventilation for 3 minutes will trigger a seizure in most patients with untreated absence seizures.

Question 14

What percentage of patients of typical absence seizures will have a spontaneous remission during adolescence ?

A	~ 10 - 20 %
B	~ 30 - 40 %
C	~ 50 - 60 %
D	~ 60 - 70 %

Question 14 Explanation:

~ 60-70% patients of absence seizures have a spontaneous remission during adolescence.

Question 15

In atypical absence seizures, EEG finding of generalized, spikeand- wave pattern has a frequency of ?

A	<= 4.0 per second
B	<= 3.5 per second
C	<= 3.0 per second
D	<= 2.5 per second

Question 15 Explanation:

EEG in atypical absence seizures shows a generalized, slow spike-and-wave pattern with a frequency of <= 2.5 per second, as well as other abnormal EEG activity.

Question 16

When compared to typical absence seizures, patients with atypical absence seizures have ?

A	Lapse of consciousness of longer duration
B	Less abrupt onset and cessation
C	Less response to anticonvulsants
D	All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following gene for with various epilepsy syndromes is associated with severe mental retardation ?

A	CHRNA4
B	KCNQ2
C	SCN1B
D	Doublecortin

Question 17 Explanation:

Doublecortin (Xq21-24), expressed primarily in frontal lobes directly regulates microtubule polymerization and bundling. X-linked dominant classic lissencephaly is associated with severe mental retardation and seizures in males, subcortical band heterotopia with more subtle findings in females.

Question 18

The most common seizure type resulting from metabolic derangements is ?

A	Absence Seizures
B	Myoclonic Seizures
C	Grand Mal seizures
D	Atonic Seizures

Question 18 Explanation:

Grand Mal seizures are the main seizure type in ~10% of all persons with epilepsy. They are also the most common seizure type resulting from metabolic derangements

Question 19

“Ictal cry” is related to tonic contraction of which of the following ?

A	Muscles of inspiration and larynx
B	Muscles of expiration and larynx
C	Muscles of inspiration and pharynx
D	Muscles of expiration and pharynx

Question 19 Explanation:

Tonic contraction of muscles of expiration and larynx at the onset will produce a loud moan or “Ictal cry”.

Question 20

Ictal cry is observed in which phase of Grand Mal seizure ?

A	Pre - ictal phase
B	Ictal phase
C	Post - ictal phase
D	Any of the above

Question 20 Explanation:

Initial phase of Grand Mal seizure is tonic contraction of muscles throughout the body. Tonic contraction of muscles of expiration and larynx at the onset produces a loud moan or “ictal cry”.

Question 21

During tonic phase of Grand Mal seizure, which of the following does not occur ?

A	Increase in heart rate
B	Increase in blood pressure
C	Impaired respiration
D	Constriction of pupils

Question 21 Explanation:

A marked enhancement of sympathetic tone during ictal phase of Grand Mal seizure leads to increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and pupillary size. Respiration is impaired

Question 22

In Grand Mal seizure, initial tonic phase evolves into clonic phase after ?

A	10 - 20 seconds
B	30 - 60 seconds
C	60 - 120 seconds
D	120 - 180 seconds

Question 23

Postictal phase in Grand Mal seizures is characterized by all except ?

A	Irritability
B	Bladder or bowel incontinence
C	Muscular flaccidity
D	Excessive salivation

Question 23 Explanation:

Postictal phase in Grand Mal seizures is characterized by unresponsiveness, muscular flaccidity, excessive salivation and bladder or bowel incontinence

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See all quizzes of Seizures and Epilepsy at here:

1 Seizure is derived from a Latin word “sacire” that means ?
A. “to invade”
B. “to destroy”
C. “to silence”
D. “to take possession of”

2 What percentage of population will have at least one seizure in
lifetime ?
A. ~1 – 3 %
B. ~3 – 5 %
C. ~5 – 10 %
D. ~10 – 15 %
3 Highest incidence of seizure is in which of the following age
groups ?
A. Infancy
B. Early childhood & late adulthood
C. Middle age
D. Old age

4 Which of the following is false about epilepsy ?
A. Single seizure
B. Acute
C. Correctable or avoidable circumstance
D. All of the above

5 In which year did the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE)
classify seizure disorders ?
A. 1965
B. 1978
C. 1981
D. 1995

6 Focal seizures are associated with ?
A. Structural abnormalities of brain
B. Cellular abnormalities
C. Biochemical abnormalities
D. All of the above

7 Generalized seizures are associated with ?
A. Cellular abnormality
B. Biochemical abnormality
C. Structural abnormality
D. Any of the above

8 Main difference between simple partial and complex partial seizure
is ?
A. Unilateral or bilateral
B. Focal or generalised
C. Consciousness or unconsciousness
D. Absence or presence of aura

9 Which of the following is a feature of focal motor seizure ?
A. Jacksonian march
B. Todd’s paralysis
C. Epilepsia partialis continua
D. All of the above

10 Which of the following about complex partial seizures is false ?
A. Begins with an aura
B. Behavioral arrest denotes beginning of ictal phase
C. Reterograde amnesia
D. Automatisms

11 Which of the following is false about absence seizures ?
A. Sudden, brief loss of consciousness with loss of postural control
B. Typically lasts for only seconds
C. Consciousness returns as suddenly as it was lost
D. No postictal confusion

12 Which of the following is false about absence seizures ?
A. Usually begin in childhood (4 to 8 yrs)
B. EEG shows generalized, symmetric, 3-Hz spike-&-wave
C . EEG discharge begin & end suddenly on an abnormal
background
D. Hyperventilation provokes EEG discharges & seizures

13 Which of the following will trigger a seizure in most patients with
untreated absence seizures ?
A. Exercise
B. Hyperventilation
C. Breath holding
D. Lack of sleep

14 What percentage of patients of typical absence seizures will have
a spontaneous remission during adolescence ?
A. ~ 10 – 20 %
B. ~ 30 – 40 %
C. ~ 50 – 60 %
D. ~ 60 – 70 %

15 In atypical absence seizures, EEG finding of generalized, spikeand-
wave pattern has a frequency of ?
A. <= 4.0 per second
B. <= 3.5 per second
C. <= 3.0 per second
D. <= 2.5 per second

16 When compared to typical absence seizures, patients with atypical
absence seizures have ?
A. Lapse of consciousness of longer duration
B. Less abrupt onset and cessation
C. Less response to anticonvulsants
D. All of the above
17 Which of the following gene for with various epilepsy syndromes
is associated with severe mental retardation ?
A. CHRNA4
B. KCNQ2
C. SCN1B
D. Doublecortin

18 The most common seizure type resulting from metabolic
derangements is ?
A. Absence Seizures
B. Myoclonic Seizures
C. Grand Mal seizures
tahir99 – UnitedVRG
D. Atonic Seizures

19 “Ictal cry” is related to tonic contraction of which of the following ?
A. Muscles of inspiration and larynx
B. Muscles of expiration and larynx
C. Muscles of inspiration and pharynx
D. Muscles of expiration and pharynx

20 Ictal cry is observed in which phase of Grand Mal seizure ?
A. Pre – ictal phase
B. Ictal phase
C. Post – ictal phase
D. Any of the above

21 During tonic phase of Grand Mal seizure, which of the following
does not occur ?
A. Increase in heart rate
B. Increase in blood pressure
C. Impaired respiration
D. Constriction of pupils

22 In Grand Mal seizure, initial tonic phase evolves into clonic phase
after ?
A. 10 – 20 seconds
B. 30 – 60 seconds
C. 60 – 120 seconds
D. 120 – 180 seconds

23 Postictal phase in Grand Mal seizures is characterized by all
except ?
A. Irritability
B. Bladder or bowel incontinence
C. Muscular flaccidity
D. Excessive salivation

Seizures and Epilepsy

[MCQ] Seizures and Epilepsy- Part 1

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Seizures and Epilepsy- Part 1

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