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Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 4
See all quizzes of Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Kidney at here:
Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 1| Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 2 | Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 3| Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 4| Acute Kidney Injury & Chronic Kidney Disease- Part 5
1. Normally, major quantity of phosphate is reabsorbed in ?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
2. The principle site of action of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is ?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
3. Fluid that enters the distal convoluted tubule is always ?
A. Isoosmotic
B. Hypoosmotic
C. Hyperosmotic
D. None of the above
4. Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in the urinary sediment are typical of ?
A. Antacid overdose
B. Ethylene glycol ingestion
C. Blunt abdominal trauma
D. Fat embolism
5. Each kidney contains how many glomeruli in the renal cortex ?
A. About 1 million
B. About 2 million
C. About 3 million
D. About 4 million
6. Filtration barrier of capillary wall in glomerulus contains ?
A. Fenestrated endothelium
B. Glomerular basement membrane
C. Interdigitating podocyte foot processes
D. All of the above
7. Glomerular basement membrane has a thickness of ?
A. 200 to 250 nm
B. 300 to 350 nm
C. 400 to 450 nm
D. 500 to 550 nm
8. The terminal segment of the distal nephron is ?
A. Cortical collecting tubule
B. Papillary collecting duct
C. Terminal duct
D. None of the above
9. Which of the following is a “salt-wasting nephropathy” ?
A. Chronic pyelonephritis
B. Polycystic disease
C. Medullary cystic disease
D. All of the above
10. Main components of glomerular basement membrane are ?
A. Type IV collagen
B. Laminin
C. Nidogen
D. All of the above
11. Pierson’s syndrome is a form of ?
A. Congenital nephrotic syndrome
B. Congenital heart disease
C. Congenital bone disease
D. Congenital eye disease
12. To convert the values for urea nitrogen to millimoles/liter, multiply by ?
A. 0.157
B. 0.257
C. 0.357
D. 0.457
13. To convert the values for creatinine to micromoles/liter, multiply by ?
A. 68.4
B. 78.4
C. 88.4
D. 98.4
14. To convert the values for glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by ?
A. 0.4551
B. 0.5551
C. 0.6551
D. 0.7551
15. To convert the values for calcium to millimoles per liter, multiply by ?
A. 0.150
B. 0.250
C. 0.350
D. 0.450
16. To convert the values for phosphorus to millimoles per liter, multiply by ?
A. 0.1229
B. 0.2229
C. 0.3229
D. 0.4229
17. To convert the values for magnesium to millimoles per liter, multiply by ?
A. 0.200
B. 0.300
C. 0.400
D. 0.500
18. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is divided into how many stages by National Kidney Foundation ?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
19. Chronic renal failure typically corresponds to which of the following CKD stages ?
A. 1 – 3
B. 2 – 4
C. 3 – 5
D. 4 – 5
20. End-stage renal disease denotes which stage of CKD ?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
21. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula for estimating GFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) is ?
A. 1.56 x (PCr)–1.154 x (age)–0.203
B. 1.66 x (PCr)–1.154 x (age)–0.203
C. 1.76 x (PCr)–1.154 x (age)–0.203
D. 1.86 x (PCr)–1.154 x (age)–0.203
22. Cockcroft-Gault equation for estimating creatinine clearance (ml/minute) is ?
A. (120-age x body weight in kg) / (72 x plasma creatinine)
B. (130-age x body weight in kg) / (72 x plasma creatinine)
C. (140-age x body weight in kg) / (72 x plasma creatinine)
D. (150-age x body weight in kg) / (72 x plasma creatinine)
23. Middle molecules have a molecular mass between ?
A. 500 & 1500 Da
B. 1500 & 3000 Da
C. 3000 & 5000 Da
D. 5000 & 8000 Da
24. Normal annual mean decline in GFR with age is ?
A. ~1 mL/min per year per 1.73 m2
B. ~1.5 mL/min per year per 1.73 m2
C. ~2 mL/min per year per 1.73 m2
D. ~2.5 mL/min per year per 1.73 m2
25. Mean value of GFR at the age of 70 years is ?
A. 70 mL/min per 1.73 m2
B. 80 mL/min per 1.73 m2
C. 90 mL/min per 1.73 m2
D. 100 mL/min per 1.73 m2
26. In adult males, persistence in urine of how much albumin per gram of creatinine signifies chronic renal damage ?
A. > 11 mg
B. > 13 mg
C. > 15 mg
D. > 17 mg
