[MCQ] Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System- Part 1

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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System- Part 1

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Question 1

Connections between cerebral cortex and autonomic centers occurs in ?

A	Cerebral cortex
B	Brainstem
C	Spinal cord
D	All of the above

Question 1 Explanation:

Connections between cerebral cortex & autonomic centers in brainstem coordinate autonomic outflow with higher mental functions.

Question 2

Preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic nervous system leave the central nervous system in all except ?

A	Third cranial nerve
B	Sixth cranial nerve
C	Seventh cranial nerve
D	Tenth cranial nerve

Question 3

Preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic nervous system leave the central nervous system in all except ?

A	Tenth cranial nerve
B	Eleventh cranial nerve
C	Second sacral nerve
D	Third sacral nerve

Question 3 Explanation:

Preganglionic neurons of PNS leave CNS in third, seventh, ninth & tenth cranial nerves as well as the second & third sacral nerves.

Question 4

Preganglionic neurons of sympathetic nervous system exit the spinal cord between ?

A	T1 and L1 segments
B	T1 and L2 segments
C	T1 and L3 segments
D	T1 and L4 segments

Question 4 Explanation:

Preganglionic neurons of sympathetic nervous system exit spinal cord between first thoracic and the second lumbar segments

Question 5

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for all except ?

A	Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B	Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C	Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D	Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

Question 6

Norepinephrine (NE) is the neurotransmitter for ?

A	Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B	Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C	Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D	Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

Question 6 Explanation:

Acetylcholine (ACh) is the preganglionic neurotransmitter for both divisions of ANS as well as postganglionic neurotransmitter of parasympathetic neurons. Norepinephrine (NE) is the neurotransmitter of postganglionic sympathetic neurons, except for cholinergic neurons innervating eccrine sweat glands

Question 7

With sympathetic activation, which of the following does not occur ?

A	Increased bowel motility
B	Increased bladder sphincter tone
C	Sweating
D	Ejaculation, orgasm

Question 8

With parasympathetic activation, which of the following does not occur ?

A	Increased bowel motility
B	Penile erection
C	Tearing
D	Sweating

Question 9

Which of the following is regulated by autonomic circuits ?

A	Sleep
B	Pupils
C	Bowel & bladder function
D	All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following statements about autonomic control of urinary bladder is false ?

A	Upper motor neuron lesion leads to spastic bladder
B	Lower motor neuron lesion leads to flaccid bladder
C	Bladder volume is a useful test for distinguishing between UMN and LMN bladder dysfunction
D	None of the above

Question 10 Explanation:

Brain & spinal cord disease above lumbar level results in UMN or spastic bladder. PNS disease results in LMN flaccid bladder (large volumes, urinary frequency & overflow incontinence). Measurement of post-void residual bladder volume is useful test to distinguish between UMN & LMN bladder dysfunction.

Question 11

Drugs that can cause Orthostatic hypotension (OH) include all except ?

A	Diuretics
B	Phenothiazines
C	Beta adrenergic blockers
D	Calcium channel blockers

Question 12

Drugs that can cause Orthostatic hypotension (OH) include all except ?

A	Insulin
B	Glucagon
C	Barbiturates
D	Ethanol

Question 12 Explanation:

Drugs that may cause OH are diuretics, antihypertensives, antidepressants, phenothiazines, ethanol, narcotics, insulin, dopamine agonists, barbiturates & calcium channel blocking agents.

Question 13

OH is defined as, within 3 minutes of standing up, a sustained drop in SBP and DBP of ?

A	20 and 20 mm Hg respectively
B	20 and 10 mm Hg respectively
C	10 and 10 mm Hg respectively
D	10 and 5 mm Hg respectively

Question 13 Explanation:

OH is defined as a sustained drop in systolic (>=20 mmHg) or diastolic (>=10 mmHg) BP within three minutes of standing

Question 14

Heart rate variation with deep breathing (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) is abolished by administration of ?

A	Atropine
B	Digoxin
C	Beta blockers
D	All of the above

Question 14 Explanation:

HRDB or Heart rate variation with deep breathing (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) is abolished by atropine but is unaffected by sympathetic blockade (propranolol).

Question 15

In Valsalva maneuver, a constant expiratory pressure of how much is maintained for 15 seconds ?

A	10 mm Hg
B	20 mm Hg
C	30 mm Hg
D	40 mm Hg

Question 15 Explanation:

Valsalva maneuver assesses the integrity of baroreflex control of heart rate (parasympathetic) & BP (adrenergic). With subject supine, a constant expiratory pressure of 40 mmHg is maintained for 15 seconds while measuring changes in heart rate and beat-to-beat BP.

Question 16

Fall in BP occurs in which phase of Valsalva maneuver ?

A	Phase I
B	Early phase II
C	Late phase II
D	All of the above

Question 16 Explanation:

Out of four phases of Valsalva maneuver response, phases I & III are mechanical & related to changes in intrathoracic & intraabdominal pressure. In early phase II, reduced venous return results in a fall in stroke volume and BP, counteracted by a combination of reflex tachycardia and increased total peripheral resistance. Increased total peripheral resistance arrests the BP drop ~5 - 8 seconds after the onset of maneuver. Late phase II begins with a progressive rise in BP towards or above baseline. Venous return and cardiac output return to normal in phase IV. Persistent peripheral arteriolar vasoconstriction and increased cardiac adrenergic tone results in a temporary BP overshoot and phase IV bradycardia (mediated by baroreceptor reflex).

Question 17

The ‘Valsalva ratio’ is defined as ?

A	Maximum phase 1 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4 bradycardia
B	Maximum phase 2 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4 bradycardia
C	Maximum phase 3 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4 bradycardia
D	Maximum phase 4 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4 bradycardia

Question 17 Explanation:

Autonomic function during the Valsalva maneuver can be measured using beat-to-beat blood pressure or heart rate changes. Valsalva ratio is defined as the maximum phase II tachycardia divided by minimum phase IV bradycardia. The ratio reflects cardiovagal function

Question 18

Sweating is induced by release of acetylcholine from ?

A	Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B	Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C	Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D	Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

Question 18 Explanation:

Sweating is induced by release of acetylcholine (ACh) from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.

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See all quizzes of Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous Systemat here:

1 Connections between cerebral cortex and autonomic centers
occurs in ?
A. Cerebral cortex
B. Brainstem
C. Spinal cord
D. All of the above

2 Preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic nervous system leave
the central nervous system in all except ?
A. Third cranial nerve
B. Sixth cranial nerve
C. Seventh cranial nerve
D. Tenth cranial nerve
3 Preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic nervous system leave
the central nervous system in all except ?
A. Tenth cranial nerve
B. Eleventh cranial nerve
C. Second sacral nerve
D. Third sacral nerve

4 Preganglionic neurons of sympathetic nervous system exit the
spinal cord between ?
A. T1 and L1 segments
B. T1 and L2 segments
C. T1 and L3 segments
D. T1 and L4 segments

5 Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for all except ?
A. Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B. Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C. Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D. Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

6 Norepinephrine (NE) is the neurotransmitter for ?
A. Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B. Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C. Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D. Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

7 With sympathetic activation, which of the following does not
occur ?
A. Increased bowel motility
B. Increased bladder sphincter tone
C. Sweating
D. Ejaculation, orgasm
8 With parasympathetic activation, which of the following does not
occur ?
A. Increased bowel motility
B. Penile erection
C. Tearing
D. Sweating
9 Which of the following is regulated by autonomic circuits ?
A. Sleep
B. Pupils
C. Bowel & bladder function
D. All of the above
10 Which of the following statements about autonomic control of
urinary bladder is false ?
A. Upper motor neuron lesion leads to spastic bladder
B. Lower motor neuron lesion leads to flaccid bladder
C. Bladder volume is a useful test for distinguishing between
UMN and LMN bladder dysfunction
D. None of the above

11 Drugs that can cause Orthostatic hypotension (OH) include all
except ?
A. Diuretics
B. Phenothiazines
C. Beta adrenergic blockers
D. Calcium channel blockers
12 Drugs that can cause Orthostatic hypotension (OH) include all
except ?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Barbiturates
D. Ethanol

13 OH is defined as, within 3 minutes of standing up, a sustained
drop in SBP and DBP of ?
A. 20 and 20 mm Hg respectively
B. 20 and 10 mm Hg respectively
C. 10 and 10 mm Hg respectively
D. 10 and 5 mm Hg respectively

14 Heart rate variation with deep breathing (respiratory sinus
arrhythmia) is abolished by administration of ?
A. Atropine
B. Digoxin
C. Beta blockers
D. All of the above

15 In Valsalva maneuver, a constant expiratory pressure of how
much is maintained for 15 seconds ?
A. 10 mm Hg
B. 20 mm Hg
C. 30 mm Hg
D. 40 mm Hg

16 Fall in BP occurs in which phase of Valsalva maneuver ?
A. Phase I
B. Early phase II
C. Late phase II
D. All of the above

17 The ‘Valsalva ratio’ is defined as ?
A. Maximum phase 1 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4
bradycardia
B. Maximum phase 2 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4
bradycardia
C. Maximum phase 3 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4
bradycardia
D. Maximum phase 4 tachycardia divided by minimum phase 4
bradycardia

18 Sweating is induced by release of acetylcholine from ?
A. Preganglionic parasympathetic ANS
B. Preganglionic sympathetic ANS
C. Postganglionic parasympathetic ANS
D. Postganglionic sympathetic ANS

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

[MCQ] Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System- Part 1

I. Start the exam by click the “Start” button

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System- Part 1

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