Select the one best response to each question!
The pericardium does NOT receive blood supply from which of the following?
The pericardium receives blood supply from the pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, bronchial arteries, esophageal arteries, superior phrenic arteries, and coronary arteries
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the right coronary artery?
The branches of the right coronary artery include the SA nodal, right marginal, posterior interventricular, and AV nodal arteries
Which of the following is NOT contained in the superior mediastinum?
The superior mediastinum contains the thymus, great vessels and their branches, vagus nerves, phrenic nerves, cardiac plexus, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct, and prevertebral muscles
The thymus is supplied by which of the following?
The thymus is supplied by the anterior intercostal and anterior mediastinal branches of the internal thoracic artery
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the aorta in the thorax?
Branches of the aorta in the thorax include the posterior intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and superior phrenic arteries
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The posterior mediastinum does NOT include
The posterior mediastinum includes the thoracic aorta, thoracic duct, posterior mediastinal lymph nodes, azygos and hemiazygos veins, esophagus, esophageal plexus, thoracic sympathetic trunks, and thoracic splanchnic nerves
Which of the following may compress the esophagus?
The esophagus is compressed by the aortic arch, left main bronchus, and diaphragm
The azygos vein receives blood from which of the following?
Please select 2 correct answers
The azygos vein receives blood from the posterior intercostal veins, vertebral venous plexuses, mediastinal veins, esophageal veins, and bronchial veins
The hemiazygos vein does NOT receive blood from which of the following?
The hemiazygos vein receives blood from the left subcostal vein, ascending lumbar veins, the inferior three posterior intercostal veins, inferior esophageal veins, and small mediastinal veins
The accessory hemiazygos vein parallels the vertebral column along which vertebral levels?
The accessory hemiazygos descends on the left side of the vertebral column from T5 through T8
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Which of the following is NOT contained in the anterior mediastinum?
The anterior mediastinum contains fat, sternopericardial ligaments, branches of internal thoracic vessels, and lymphatic vessels
Which of the following is NOT part of the sympathetic trunks?
The sympathetic trunk contains the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia; paravertebral ganglia; and the ganglion impar
Which of the following does NOT contain synapses for the sympathetic nervous system?
The cardiac plexus does not contain synapses for sympathetic fibers, as these fibers have already synapsed in the sympathetic trunk
Which of the following does NOT occur in the sympathetic trunk?
In the synaptic trunk, presynaptic neurons synapse with postsynaptic neurons immediately. Some fibers ascend and synapse, while other fibers descend and synapse. Some fibers pass into a splanchnic nerve without synapsing
Parasympathetic fibers stimulate secretion by all glands except which of the following?
With the exception of sweat glands, glandular secretion is parasympathetically stimulated
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Vasoconstriction is sympathetically stimulated with the exception of which arteries?
With the exception of coronary arteries, vasoconstriction is sympathetically stimulated
Which of the following is a result of sympathetic stimulation in the heart?
Sympathetic stimulation of the heart increases the rate and strength of contraction and inhibits the effect of the parasympathetic system on coronary arteries, allowing them to dilate
Which of the following is NOT a result of sympathetic stimulation in the lungs?
Sympathetic stimulation of the lungs results in inhibition of the parasympathetic system, bronchodilation, reduced secretion, and maximum air exchange
Sympathetic fibers of the heart are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers that convey which type of sensation?
Sympathetic fibers of the heart are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers, which convey pain information
The pulmonary plexus contains which of the following?
The pulmonary plexus contains cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers
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| 41. The pericardium does NOT receive blood supply from which of the following? (A) pericardiacophrenic artery (B) musculophrenic artery (C) bronchial arteries (D) esophageal arteries (E) pectoral arteries |
| 42. Which of the following is NOT a branch of the right coronary artery? (A) SA nodal (B) right marginal (C) posterior interventricular (D) AV nodal (E) circumflex |
| 43. Which of the following is NOT contained in the superior mediastinum? (A) thymus (B) great vessels and their branches (C) azygos and hemiazygos veins (D) trachea (E) esophagus |
| 44. The thymus is supplied by which of the following? (A) anterior intercostal branches of the internal thoracic artery (B) brachiocephalic artery (C) posterior intercostal arteries (D) left common carotid artery (E) pericardiacophrenic arteries |
| 45. Which of the following is NOT a branch of the aorta in the thorax? (A) posterior intercostal arteries (B) inferior phrenic artery (C) bronchial arteries (D) esophageal arteries (E) superior phrenic arteries |
| 46. The posterior mediastinum does NOT include which of the following? (A) prevertebral muscles (B) thoracic aorta (C) thoracic duct (D) thoracic sympathetic trunks (E) thoracic splanchnic nerves |
| 47. Which of the following may compress the esophagus? (A) aortic arch (B) right main bronchus (C) left vagus (D) right brachiocephalic vein (E) brachiocephalic trunk |
| 48. The azygos vein receives blood from which of the following? (A) posterior intercostal veins (B) anterior intercostal veins (C) left internal jugular vein (D) anterior jugular vein (E) lateral thoracic vein |
| 49. The hemiazygos vein does NOT receive blood from which of the following? (A) left subcostal vein (B) ascending lumbar veins (C) inferior three posterior intercostal veins (D) superior phrenic veins (E) small mediastinal veins |
| 50. The accessory hemiazygos vein parallels the vertebral column along which vertebral levels? (A) T1–4 (B) T2–6 (C) T5–8 (D) T8–12 (E) L1–4 |
| 51. Which of the following is NOT contained in the anterior mediastinum? (A) fat (B) sternopericardial ligaments (C) branches of internal thoracic vessels (D) lymphatic vessels (E) heart |
| 52. Which of the following is NOT part of the sympathetic trunks? (A) prevertebral ganglia (B) paravertebral ganglia(C) ganglion impar (D) superior cervical ganglia (E) inferior cervical ganglia |
| Which of the following does NOT contain synapses for the sympathetic nervous system? (A) prevertebral ganglia (B) collateral ganglia (C) aortic plexus (D) celiac ganglia (E) cardiac plexus |
| 54. Which of the following does NOT occur in the sympathetic trunk? (A) Presynaptic neurons synapse with postsynaptic neurons immediately. (B) Fibers ascend and synapse. (C) Fibers descend and synapse. (D) Presynaptic fibers innervate immediately surrounding blood vessels. (E) Fibers pass, without synapsing, into a splanchnic nerve. |
| 55. Parasympathetic fibers stimulate secretion by all glands except which of the following? (A) sweat glands (B) lacrimal glands (C) salivary glands (D) nasal glands (E) palatine glands |
| 56. Vasoconstriction is sympathetically stimulated with the exception of which arteries? (A) bronchial arteries (B) coronary arteries (C) esophageal arteries (D) adrenal arteries (E) renal arteries |
| 57. Which of the following is a result of sympathetic stimulation in the heart? (A) decrease in the rate and strength of contraction(B) inhibition of the effect of parasympathetic system on coronary arteries, allowing them to dilate (C) production of atrial natriuretic factor (D) opening and closing of mitral valve (E) glandular secretion |
| 58. Which of the following is NOT a result of sympathetic stimulation in the lungs? (A) inhibition of parasympathetic system (B) bronchodilation (C) reduced secretion (D) maximum air exchange (E) surfactant production |
| 59. Sympathetic fibers of the heart are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers that convey which type of sensation? (A) reflex (B) pain (C) rate information (D) contraction feedback (E) pressure sensation |
| 60. The pulmonary plexus contains which of the following? (A) cell bodies of visceral afferent fibers (B) cell bodies of postsynaptic sympathetic fibers (C) cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers (D) somatic efferent fibers passing on to diaphragm (E) somatic afferent fibers from diaphragm |
