[MCQ] Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis

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Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis

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Question 1

Cardiomyopathy can be a result of which of the following ?

A	Hypertension
B	Congenital or acquired valvular abnormality
C	Pericardial abnormalities
D	None of the above

Question 1 Explanation:

Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases that affect heart muscle itself & are not the result of hypertension or congenital or acquired valvular, coronary or pericardial abnormalities.

Question 2

In the diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy, which of the following has most relevance ?

A	Atrial size
B	Left ventricular diastolic dimension
C	Left ventricular wall thickness
D	Arrhythmia

Question 2 Explanation:

Prominent atrial enlargement is a distinguishing feature of restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 3

Most familial cardiomyopathies are inherited in which of the following pattern ?

A	Autosomal dominant
B	Autosomal recessive
C	X-linked inheritance
D	Any of the above

Question 3 Explanation:

Most familial cardiomyopathies are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, with occasional autosomal recessive and X-linked inheritance.

Question 4

Defects in sarcomeric proteins of myosin, actin & troponin are associated with ?

A	Dilated cardiomyopathy
B	Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C	Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D	All of the above

Question 4 Explanation:

Defects in sarcomeric proteins of myosin, actin, and troponin are mostly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Question 5

Most of the identified genetic defects in the Z-disk and cytoskeleton are associated with ?

A	Dilated cardiomyopathy
B	Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C	Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D	All of the above

Question 5 Explanation:

All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is a sarcomeric protein ?

A	Actin
B	Myosin
C	Tropomyosin
D	All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is related to “myocyte stabilizing and connecting the cell membrane to intracellular structures” ?

A	Sarcomeric proteins
B	Dystrophin complex
C	Desmosome complex
D	All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is related to “cell-cell connections and myocyte stability” ?

A	Sarcomeric proteins
B	Dystrophin complex
C	Desmosome complex
D	All of the above

Question 8 Explanation:

Sarcomeric proteins include actin, myosin, tropomyosin, and the associated regulatory proteins. Dystrophin complex stabilizes and connects the cell membrane to intracellular structures. Desmosome complexes are associated with cell-cell connections and stability

Question 9

Abnormal dystrophin can be acquired in infection by ?

A	Coxsackie virus
B	Varicella-zoster virus
C	Herpes simplex virus (HSV ) type 1
D	Epstein-Barr virus

Question 9 Explanation:

Abnormal dystrophin can be acquired when Coxsackie virus cleaves dystrophin in viral myocarditis.

Question 10

What proportion of congestive heart failure (CHF) is due to dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A	1/ 4
B	1/ 2
C	1/ 3
D	3/ 4

Question 10 Explanation:

About one in three cases of CHF is due to dilated cardiomyopathy, with the remainder the consequence of coronary artery disease.

Question 11

What proportion of dilated cardiomyopathy are familial ?

A	1/ 4
B	1/ 2
C	1/ 3
D	3/ 4

Question 11 Explanation:

Up to one-third of cases of dilated cardiomyopathy may be familial.

Question 12

Mostly, familial forms of DCM are due to mutations in ?

A	Genes encoding nuclear envelope protein lamin A/C
B	Genes encoding sarcomeric proteins
C	Mitochondrial genes
D	None of the above

Question 12 Explanation:

None of the above

Question 13

Upper limit of normal of the weight of human heart is ?

A	320 grams
B	340 grams
C	360 grams
D	380 grams

Question 13 Explanation:

Upper limit of normal of the weight of human heart is 360 grams.

Question 14

Histopathological feature of a dilated cardiomyopathy specimen is ?

A	Interstitial fibrosis
B	Increased myocyte size
C	Enlarged, irregular nuclei
D	All of the above

Question 14 Explanation:

Microscopically, a dilated cardiomyopathy specimen would show nonspecific changes of interstitial fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy characterized by increased myocyte size and enlarged, irregular nuclei.

Question 15

Which of the following is a feature of cardiac remodeling ?

A	Impaired ventricular systolic pump function
B	Cardiac enlargement
C	Cardiac hypertrophy
D	All of the above

Question 15 Explanation:

Left and/or right ventricular systolic pump function is impaired, leading to progressive cardiac enlargement and hypertrophy, a process called remodeling.

Question 16

Myocardial damage leading to dilated cardiomyopathy can be produced by which of the following ?

A	Toxic agents
B	Metabolic factors
C	Infectious agents
D	All of the above

Question 16 Explanation:

DCM is either familial or the end result of myocardial damage produced by known or unknown infectious, metabolic, or toxic agents.

Question 17

In which of the following conditions, dilated cardiomyopathy is reversible ?

A	Alcohol abuse
B	Pregnancy
C	Thyroid disease
D	All of the above

Question 17 Explanation:

Reversible form of dilated cardiomyopathy may be found with alcohol abuse, pregnancy, thyroid disease, cocaine use, and chronic uncontrolled tachycardia. Obesity & sleep apnea increases the risk of developing heart failure

Question 18

ECG of a DCM patient may show all of the following except ?

A	Atrial fibrillation
B	Ventricular arrhythmias
C	High voltage
D	Intraventricular conduction defects

Question 18 Explanation:

ECG in a case of DCM shows sinus tachycardia or atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, left atrial abnormality, diffuse nonspecific ST-T-wave abnormalities & sometimes intraventricular conduction defects and low voltage

Question 19

Which of the following should be avoided in dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A	Alcohol
B	Calcium channel blockers
C	Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
D	All of the above

Question 19 Explanation:

Alcohol, calcium channel blockers & NSAIDs should be avoided in DCM.

Question 20

Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a patient of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A	Digitalis
B	Beta adrenergic blocker
C	Calcium channel blocker
D	Spironolactone

Question 20 Explanation:

Standard therapy of heart failure with salt restriction, ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blocker, diuretics, and digitalis produces symptomatic improvement. Most patients should be treated with a beta adrenergic blocker. Spironolactone should be added for most patients with recent or current advanced heart failure.

Question 21

Cardiac involvement is common in which of the following conditions ?

A	Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy
B	Myotonic dystrophy
C	Friedreich’s ataxia
D	All of the above

Question 21 Explanation:

Cardiac involvement is common in Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy, Myotonic dystrophy and Friedreich’s ataxia.

Question 22

Cardiomyopathy-neutropenia syndrome is also called ?

A	Pompe disease
B	Barth syndrome
C	Holt-Oram syndrome
D	Fraser syndrome

Question 22 Explanation:

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is named after Dr. Peter Barth (Netherlands). It is found exclusively in males. It is also known as 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria type II and Cardiomyopathy-neutropenia syndrome. It is due to mutations in BTHS gene, tafazzin (TAZ) located at Xq28, the long arm of X chromosome and is associated with cardiolipin molecules in the electron transport chain & mitochondrial membrane structure. Syndrome consists of metabolism distortion, delayed motor skills, stamina deficiency, hypotonia, chronic fatigue, delayed growth, cardiomyopathy, and compromised immune system.

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See all quizzes of the Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis at here:

1.Cardiomyopathy can be a result of which of the following ?
A. Hypertension
B. Congenital or acquired valvular abnormality
C. Pericardial abnormalities
D. None of the above

2. In the diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy, which of the following has most relevance ?
A. Atrial size
B. Left ventricular diastolic dimension
C. Left ventricular wall thickness
D. Arrhythmia

3. Most familial cardiomyopathies are inherited in which of the following pattern ?
A. Autosomal dominant
B. Autosomal recessive
C. X-linked inheritance
D. Any of the above

4. Defects in sarcomeric proteins of myosin, actin & troponin are associated with ?
A. Dilated cardiomyopathy
B. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D. All of the above

5. Most of the identified genetic defects in the Z-disk and cytoskeleton are associated with ?
A. Dilated cardiomyopathy
B. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D. All of the above

6. Which of the following is a sarcomeric protein ?

A. Actin
B. Myosin
C. Tropomyosin
D. All of the above
7. Which of the following is related to “myocyte stabilizing and connecting the cell membrane to intracellular structures” ?
A. Sarcomeric proteins
B. Dystrophin complex
C. Desmosome complex
D. All of the above
8. Which of the following is related to “cell-cell connections and myocyte stability” ?
A. Sarcomeric proteins
B. Dystrophin complex
C. Desmosome complex
D. All of the above

9. Abnormal dystrophin can be acquired in infection by ?
A. Coxsackie virus
B. Varicella-zoster virus
C. Herpes simplex virus (HSV ) type 1
D. Epstein-Barr virus

10. What proportion of congestive heart failure (CHF) is due to dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 1/3
D..3/4

12. What proportion of dilated cardiomyopathy are familial ?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 1/3
D..3/4

13. Mostly, familial forms of DCM are due to mutations in ?
A. Genes encoding nuclear envelope protein lamin A/C
B. Genes encoding sarcomeric proteins
C. Mitochondrial genes
D. None of the above

14. Upper limit of normal of the weight of human heart is ?
A. 320 grams
B. 340 grams
C. 360 grams
D. 380 grams

15. Histopathological feature of a dilated cardiomyopathy specimen is ?
A. Interstitial fibrosis
B. Increased myocyte size
C. Enlarged, irregular nuclei
D. All of the above

16. Which of the following is a feature of cardiac remodeling ?
A. Impaired ventricular systolic pump function
B. Cardiac enlargement
C. Cardiac hypertrophy
D. All of the above

17. Myocardial damage leading to dilated cardiomyopathy can be produced by which of the following ?
A. Toxic agents
B. Metabolic factors
C. Infectious agents
D. All of the above

18. In which of the following conditions, dilated cardiomyopathy is reversible ?
A. Alcohol abuse
B. Pregnancy
C. Thyroid disease
D. All of the above

19. ECG of a DCM patient may show all of the following except ?
A. Atrial fibrillation

B. Ventricular arrhythmias
C. High voltage
D. Intraventricular conduction defects

20. Which of the following should be avoided in dilated cardiomyopathy ?
A. Alcohol
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
D. All of the above

21. Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a patient of dilated cardiomyopathy ?
A. Digitalis
B. Beta adrenergic blocker
C. Calcium channel blocker
D. Spironolactone

22. Cardiac involvement is common in which of the following conditions ?
A. Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy
B. Myotonic dystrophy
C. Friedreich’s ataxia
D. All of the above

23. Cardiomyopathy-neutropenia syndrome is also called ?
A. Pompe disease
B. Barth syndrome
C. Holt-Oram syndrome
D. Fraser syndrome

Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis

[MCQ] Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis

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Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis

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