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Myocardial function- Part 1
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Myocardial function- Part 1 |Myocardial function- Part 2
1.The blood pressure (BP) is the product of cardiac output (CO) and ?
A. Heart rate (HR)
B. Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)
C Stroke volume
D. None of the above
2. Cardiac index (CI) is calculated by formula ?
A. Cardiac output / Body surface area
B. Cardiac output / Body mass index
C. Cardiac output / Heart rate
D. Cardiac output / Peripheral vascular resistance
4. Stroke volume (SV) is calculated by the formula ?
A. Cardiac output / Heart rate
B. Cardiac output / Body mass index
C. Cardiac output / Body surface area
D. Cardiac output / Peripheral vascular resistance
5. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is calculated by the formula ?
A. [(MAP + RAP) ÷ CO] x 80
B. [(MAP x RAP) ÷ CO] x 80
C. [(MAP – RAP) x CO] x 80
D. [(MAP – RAP) ÷ CO] x 80
6. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is calculated by the formula ?
A. [(PAPm – PCWP) ÷ CO] + 80
B. [(PAPm – PCWP) ÷ CO] – 80
C. [(PAPm – PCWP) ÷ CO] x 80
D. [(PAPm – PCWP) ÷ CO] ÷ 80
[(PAPm – PCWP)/CO] x 80
7. In hypovolemic shock, which of the following is increased ?
A. CVP and PCWP
B. Cardiac Output
C. Systemic Vascular Resistance
D. Venous O2 Saturation
8. In cardiogenic shock, which of the following is decreased ?
A. CVP and PCWP
B. Systemic Vascular Resistance
C. Venous O
2 Saturation
D. All of the above
9. In neurogenic shock, which of the following is increased ?
A. CVP and PCWP
B. Systemic Vascular Resistance
C. Venous O
2 Saturation
D. None of the above
10. β3 receptors are found predominantly in ?
A. Bronchi
B. Adipose tissue
C. Vasculature
D. Heart
11. The credit of developing blockers goes to ?
A. Lionel H Opie
B. James Black
C. M Packer
D. G Bardy
12. Which of the following is a lipid soluble blocker ?
A. Propranolol
B. Atenolol
C. Nadolol
D. Sotalol
13. Which of the following blockers has low hepatic clearance ?
A. Propranolol
B. Carvedilol
C. Metoprolol
D. Atenolol
14. Which of the following is true for Carvedilol ?
A. Non selective blocker
B. Anti-oxidant
C. mediated vasodilator
D. All of the above
15. Which of the following is a T-type calcium channel blocker ?
A. Mibefradil
B. Isradipine
C. Nicardipine
D. Nisoldipine
16. Which of the following is a dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blocker ?
A. Amlodipine
B. Nifedipine
C. Nimodipine
D. All of the above
17. Which of the following is the benzothiazepine class of calcium channel blocker ?
A. Amlodipine
B. Nifedipine
C. Nimodipine
D. Diltiazem
18. Which of the following is the phenylalkaylamine class of calcium-channel blocker ?
A. Amlodipine
B. Nifedipine
C. Verapamil
D. Diltiazem
19. Calcium-channel antagonists block which voltage gated calcium channel ?
A. K-type
B. L-type
C. M-type
D. N-type
20. Amlodipine binds which subunit of voltage gated L-type calcium channels ?
A. 1a
B. 1b
C. 1c
D. 1d
21. L-type calcium channels are found abundantly in all of the following tissues except ?
A. Cardiac myocytes
B. Vascular smooth muscle
C. Pancreatic beta cells
D. Brain
22. The extracellular concentration of calcium is how many times more than the intracellular concentration ?
A. 2000 times
B. 5000 times
C. 10000 times
D. 20000 times
23. Stretching capability of which myofibrillar protein contributes to the elasticity of heart ?
A. Titin
B. Myosin
C. Actin
D. All of the above
24. During activation of the myocyte, Ca2+ becomes attached to ?
A. Troponin C
B. Troponin I
C. Troponin T
D. All of the above
25. Acceleration of cardiac relaxation occurs by phosphorylation by cyclic AMP of which protein ?
A. Troponin C
B. Troponin I
C. Troponin T
D. All of the above
26. The sarcomere length associated with the most forceful contraction is approximately ?
A. 1.5 µm
B. 2.2 µm
C. 2.7 µm
D. 3.2 µm
27. In Starling’s law of heart, the force of ventricular contraction is a function of ?
A. End-diastolic length of cardiac muscle
B. End-systolic length of cardiac muscle
C. Mid-diastolic length of cardiac muscle
D. Mid-systolic length of cardiac muscle
