[Anatomy] The Thorax quizzes – Part 4 (15 questions)

The esophagus, anterior and posterior vagal trunks, esophageal branches of the left gastric vessels, and lymphatic vessels pass through the esophageal hiatus

The level of the domes of the diaphragm varies according to phase of respiration, posture, and size and degree of distention of abdominal viscera

The greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves are lower thoracic splanchnic nerves

Ribs form from costal processes of thoracic vertebrae and thus are derived from the sclerotome of paraxial medoderm

The fibers of the greater splanchnic nerve synapse in the celiac ganglion

The aorta, thoracic duct, and azygos vein (sometimes) pass through the aortic hiatus

The entire cardiovascular system is derived from mesoderm

The entire cardiovascular system is derived from mesoderm.

The pleuropericardial membranes develop into the fibrous pericardium

The respiratory system is an outgrowth of the ventral wall of the foregut

The greater thoracic splanchnic nerve originates from vertebral levels T5–9

The inferior vena cava, terminal branches of the right phrenic nerve, and lymphatics pass through the caval opening of the diaphragm

The diaphragm is derived from the septum transversum and pleuroperitoneal membranes. Muscular components stem from lateral and dorsal body walls and mesentery of the esophagus

The lungs develop in the following periods: pseudoglandular period, canalicular period, terminal sac period, and alveolar period

Visceral afferent fibers of the tenth cranial nerve are distributed to bronchial mucosa (for cough reflex), bronchial muscles (for stretch reception), interalveolar connective tissue (for Hering-Breuer reflexes, limiting respiratory excursions), and pulmonary arteries (as pressure receptors) and veins (as chemoreceptors)