Which of the following is true in respect to innervation of the tongue?
In respect to general sensation (touch and temperature), the mucosa of the anterior twothirds of the tongue is innervated by the lingual nerve, which is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. The mucosa of the posterior one-third of the tongue is innervated by the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve, and the mucosa of the area just anterior to the epiglottis is innervated by small branches of the internal laryngeal nerve, which is a branch of the vagus. In respect to special sensation (taste), the chorda tympani, which is a branch of the facial nerve, innervates the anterior two-thirds of the tongue except for the vallate papillae in the posterior one-third of the tongue, which are innervated by the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Branches of the internal laryngeal nerve of the vagus innervate the area anterior to the epiglottis in respect to taste
How do parasympathetic and taste fibers from the chorda tympani reach their destination?
Parasympathetic and taste fibers from the chorda tympani reach their destination by joining the lingual nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
Which of the following taste sensations is correctly paired with its tongue region?
Sweetness is detected on the apex, or tip, of the tongue, saltiness on the lateral margins, and sourness and bitterness on the posterior part
Which of the following vessels is NOT correctly paired with its respective area of supply or drainage?
The dorsal lingual arteries supply the posterior tongue and the palatine tonsil, while the deep lingual artery supplies the anterior tongue. The sublingual artery supplies the sublingual gland and the floor of the mouth. The dorsal lingual veins accompany the lingual artery, and the deep lingual veins drain the apex of the tongue, ultimately joining the sublingual vein
Which of the following is NOT correct?
The parotid gland is supplied by branches of the external carotid and superficial temporal arteries and innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. The submandibular gland is supplied by the submental artery and innervated by the parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve that synapsed in the submandibular ganglion. The sublingual glands are supplied by the sublingual and submental arteries and innervated by parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve
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Which of the following is NOT an opening to the pterygopalatine fossa?
Openings to the pterygopalatine fossa include the pterygomaxillary fissure, sphenopalatine foramen, inferior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, and pterygoid canal
Which of the following is NOT contained in the pterygopalatine fossa?
The pterygopalatine fossa contains the third part of maxillary artery, the maxillary nerve, the nerve of the pterygoid canal, and the pterygopalatine ganglion
Which of the following foramina are NOT properly matched with the structures they transmit?
The inferior orbital fissure transmits the infraorbital and zygomatic branches of the maxillary nerve, the infraorbital vessels, the inferior ophthalmic veins, and the orbital branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion
The nerve of the pterygoid canal is composed of which of the following?
The greater petrosal nerve (parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve) joins the deep petrosal nerve (sympathetic nerves from the internal carotid plexus) to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal
The nerve of the pterygoid canal does NOT innervate which of the following?
The nerve of the pterygoid canal innervates the lacrimal gland, the palatine glands, the mucosal glands of the nasal cavity, and the mucosal glands of upper pharynx
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Which of the following paranasal sinuses communicates with the nasal cavity in the superior meatus?
The superior meatus is a narrow passage, inferior to the superior nasal concha, in which the posterior ethmoidal sinuses open. The middle meatus contains openings to the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses
Where does the nasolacrimal duct communicate with the nasal cavity?
The nasolacrimal duct drains into the inferior meatus
Which of the following is a separate bone?
The inferior nasal concha is a separate bone, whereas the superior and middle nasal conchae are simply extensions of the ethmoid bone
Which of the following does NOT supply the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity?
The medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity are supplied by the sphenopalatine artery, anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries, greater palatine artery, and superior labial artery
Which of the following does NOT innervate the nasal mucosa?
The nasal mucosa is innervated by the nasopalatine nerve, greater palatine nerve, anterior ethmoidal nerve, and posterior ethmoidal nerve
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Which of the following is NOT correct regarding innervation of the ear?
The auricle is innervated by the great auricular nerve and auriculotemporal nerve. The external surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the auriculotemporal nerve and even a small branch of the vagus. The internal surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. The pharyngotympanic tube is innervated by the tympanic plexus (fibers from the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves). The sensory cell bodies of the vestibulocochlear nerve are located in the spiral and vestibular ganglia
Which of the following correctly describes a wall of the tympanic cavity and its underlying structure?
The dura mater of the floor of the middle cranial fossa is superior to the tegmental roof. The internal jugular vein is inferior to the floor. The lateral membranous wall is formed by the epitympanic recess and contains the head of the malleus. The medial labyrinthine wall separates the tympanic cavity from the internal ear, which contains the cochlea. The anterior carotid wall separates the tympanic cavity from the carotid canal. The posterior mastoid wall guards the mastoid cells and the facial nerve
Which of the following is NOT contained in the tympanic cavity?Which of the following is NOT contained in the tympanic cavity?
The tympanic cavity contains the auditory ossicles, tympanic plexus, chorda tympani nerve, and stapedius and tensor tympani muscles
Which of the following is NOT true in respect to the pharyngotympanic tube?
The pharyngotympanic tube opens posterior to the inferior meatus of the nasal cavity and serves to equalize the pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure. The tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini work together to open the tube, which is supplied by the ascending pharyngeal artery, middle meningeal artery, and artery of the pterygoid canal
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