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Principles of Electrophysiology- Part 2
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Principles of Electrophysiology- Part 1 | Principles of Electrophysiology- Part 2
1.Chronically ischemic myocardium exhibits a downregulation of ?
A. Connexin 26
B. Connexin 31
C. Connexin 32
D. Connexin 43
2. Epsilon waves in ECG are a feature of ?
A. Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome
B. Long QT syndrome
C. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
D. Brugada syndrome
3. Which of the following increases mortality rates in patients after myocardial infarction ?
A. Late potentials
B. T wave alternans (TWA) at low heart rates
C. Decrease in heart rate variability (HRV)
D. All of the above
4. Which of the following methods is related to autonomic nervous system influence on the heart ?
A. Late potentials
B. T wave alternans (TWA) at low heart rates
C. QT interval variability (QTV)
D. All of the above
5. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias occur more frequently in patients with ?
A. Ventricular systolic dysfunction
B. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
C. Sarcoidosis
D. All of the above
6. Supraventricular arrhythmias may be associated with ?
A. Transposition of the great arteries
B. Ebstein’s anomaly
C. Ostium primum atrial septal defect (ASD)
D. Ventricular septal defects (VSD)
7. Which of the following is a response to Head-up tilt (HUT) ?
A. Initial increase in heart rate
B. Drop in blood pressure
C. Late reduction in heart rate
D. All of the above
8. Head-up tilt (HUT) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of and therapy for ?
A. Recurrent idiopathic vertigo
B. Chronic fatigue syndrome
C. Recurrent transient ischemic attacks
D. All of the above
9. Head-up tilt (HUT) testing is relatively contraindicated in ?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Severe mitral stenosis
C. Severe cerebrovascular disease
D. All of the above
10. Which of the following relates best with Vaughan-Williams class I class of antiarrhythmic drugs ?
A. Local anesthetic effect due to blockade of Na+ current
B. Interference of catecholamine action at -adrenergic receptor
C. Delayed repolarization by K+ current inhibition or activation of depolarizing current
D. Interference with calcium conductance
11. Which of the following relates best with Vaughan-Williams class II class of antiarrhythmic drugs ?
A. Local anesthetic effect due to blockade of Na+ current
B. Interference of catecholamine action at -adrenergic receptor
C. Delayed repolarization by K+ current inhibition or activation of depolarizing current
D. Interference with calcium conductance
12. Which of the following relates best with Vaughan-Williams class III class of antiarrhythmic drugs ?
A. Local anesthetic effect due to blockade of Na+ current
B. Interference of catecholamine action at -adrenergic receptor
C. Delayed repolarization by K+ current inhibition or activation of depolarizing current
D. Interference with calcium conductance
13. Which of the following relates best with Vaughan-Williams class IV class of antiarrhythmic drugs ?
A. Local anesthetic effect due to blockade of Na+ current
B. Interference of catecholamine action at -adrenergic receptor
C. Delayed repolarization by K+ current inhibition or activation of depolarizing current
D. Interference with calcium conductance
14. First catheter ablation using a DC energy source was performed in the early 1980s by ?
A. Scheinman
B. Hille
C. Josephson
D. Zipes
15. Contraindications to exercise stress testing include all except ?
A. Severe aortic stenosis
B. Acute pericarditis
C. Rest angina within 48 hours
D. Active infective endocarditis
16. Ventricular tachycardia is defined as ?
A. >= 3 consecutive VPCs at a rate > 100 per minute
B. >= 3 consecutive VPCs at a rate > 150 per minute
C. >= 3 consecutive VPCs at a rate > 200 per minute
D. >= 3 consecutive VPCs at a rate > 250 per minute
17. Interpolated VPC is defined as a VPC ?
A. That does not produce retrograde concealed conduction or influence the oncoming sinus impulse
B. That produces retrograde concealed conduction and stops the oncoming sinus impulse
C. That produces an inverted P wave by retrograde conduction
D. None of the above
18. What was the impact of antiarrhythmic agents on mortality in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) ?
A. Significantly decreased
B. Significantly increased
C. Remined unchanged
D. None of the above
19. In acute myocardial infarction, prophylactic antiarrhythmic therapy is recommend in ?
A. All patients
B. Young patients with complicated infarctions
C. Patients with reinfarction
D. Patients with hypertension
