Select the one best response to each question!
All of the following statements concerning the pericardium are correct EXCEPT
The fibrous pericardium is attached to the posterior surface of the sternum by the sternopericardial ligaments
All of the following veins drain into the coronary sinus EXCEPT
The coronary sinus receives the great and small cardiac veins, middle cardiac vein, left posterior ventricular vein, and left marginal vein. The anterior cardiac veins begin over the anterior surface of the right ventricle and cross over the coronary groove to end directly in the right atrium
All of the following statements concerning the sinoatrial node are correct EXCEPT
The SA node is located anterolaterally just deep to the epicardium at the junction of the SVC and right atrium, near the superior end of the sulcus terminalis. The SA node, a small collection of nodal tissue and specialized cardiac muscle fibers, is the pacemaker of the heart. The SA node is supplied by a branch of the right coronary artery in about 60% of individuals
Which of the following structures is located in the left ventricle?
The interior of the left ventricle includes anterior and posterior papillary muscles
Which of the following structures is located in the left atrium?
The interior of the left atrium has a largewalled part and a smaller muscular auricle containing pectinate muscles
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Which of the following is NOT part of the chest?
The chest consists of 12 pairs of ribs, the sternum, costal cartilages, and 12 thoracic vertebrae
Which of the following is NOT likely to contribute to chest pain?
Chest pain may result from cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, intestinal problems, gallbladder disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders
Which of the following is a special feature of a thoracic vertebra?
Thoracic vertebrae have costal facets or demifacets on their bodies, costal facets on the transverse processes (for the first 9 or 10 thoracic vertebrae), and long spinous processes
Which of the following is a saddle-type synovial joint?
The sternoclavicular joint is a saddle-type synovial joint
The mammary glands are modified versions of which type of gland?
The mammary glands are modified sweat glands
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Which of the following does NOT supply the breast with blood?
The breast is supplied by the internal thoracic, lateral thoracic, thoracoacromial, and posterior intercostal arteries
Which of the following are innervated by dorsal rami?
The levatores costarum are innervated by the dorsal primary rami of C8–T11
Which of the following do NOT elevate the ribs?
The serratus posterior inferior depresses the ribs
With which of the following does the intercostobrachial nerve communicate?
The intercostobrachial nerve communicates with the medial brachial cutaneous nerve
Anterior and posterior intercostals arteries pass between which two layers?
The musculophrenic artery gives rise to anterior intercostal arteries for intercostal spaces 7–9
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Anterior and posterior intercostals arteries pass between which two layers?
Anterior and posterior intercostal arteries pass between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles
Of the bronchopulmonary segments in the superior lobe of the left lung, which two are combined to form the lingula?
The superior and inferior bronchopulmonary segments of the superior lobe of the left lung combine to form the lingula
Which of the following areas do NOT receive visceral afferent fibers?
Visceral afferent fibers are distributed to bronchial mucosa, bronchial muscles, interalveolar connective tissue, and pulmonary arteries and veins
Sympathetic nerves do NOT contribute to which of the following?
The diaphragm receives somatic efferent and afferent innervation—not sympathetic innervation
Which of the following is correct?
While a person is supine, the arch of the aorta lies superior to the transverse thoracic plane
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| 21. All of the following statements concerning the pericardium are correct EXCEPT (A) The external layer of the sac is fibrous. (B) The internal layer is reflected onto the heart as the visceral serous layer (epicardium). (C) The internal layer of the fibrous sac is the partietal serous layer. (D) The pericardial cavity is the potential space between the parietal and visceral serous layers. (E) The fibrous pericardium is attached to the sternum by the pericardiacophrenic ligament. |
| 22. All of the following veins drain into the coronary sinus EXCEPT (A) anterior cardiac (B) small cardiac (C) middle cardiac (D) great cardiac (E) oblique vein of the left atrium |
| 23. All of the following statements concerning the sinoatrial node are correct EXCEPT (A) It is located near the superior end of the sulcus terminalis. (B) It is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. (C) It is known as the pacemaker of the heart. (D) It is specialized cardiac muscle fiber. (E) It is avascular. |
| 24. Which of the following structures is located in the left ventricle? (A) fossa ovalis (B) crista terminalis (C) opening of the coronary sinus (D) conus arteriosus (E) posterior papillary muscle |
| 25. Which of the following structures is located in the left atrium? (A) pectinate muscle (B) pulmonary semilunar valves (C) septomarginal trabeculae (D) septal papillary muscle (E) atrioventricular node |
| 26. Which of the following is NOT part of the chest? (A) 12 pairs of ribs (B) sternum (C) costal cartilages (D) 12 thoracic vertebrae (E) clavicle |
| 27. Which of the following is NOT likely to contribute to chest pain? (A) cardiac disease (B) pulmonary disease (C) thyroid disorders (D) gallbladder disorders (E) intestinal disorders |
| 28. Which of the following is a special feature of a thoracic vertebra? (A) foramen for vertebral artery (B) dens for rotation (C) short spinous processes (D) costal facets on bodies (E) costal facets on spinous processes |
| 29. Which of the following is a saddle-type synovial joint? (A) sternoclavicular joint (B) manubriosternal joint (C) interchondral joint (D) intervertebral joint (E) costochondral joint |
| 30. The mammary glands are modified versions of which type of gland? (A) sebaceous gland (B) lymph gland (C) sweat gland (D) tonsillar tissue (E) endocrine gland |
| 31. Which of the following does NOT supply the breast with blood? (A) lateral thoracic artery (B) thoracoacromial artery (C) posterior intercostals arteries (D) internal thoracic artery (E) costoclavicular artery |
| 32. Which of the following are innervated by dorsal rami? (A) levatores costarum (B) external intercostals(C) internal intercostals (D) subcostals (E) serratus posterior inferior |
| 33. Which of the following do NOT elevate the ribs? (A) serratus posterior superior (B) serratus posterior inferior (C) external intercostals (D) levatores costarum (E) subcostals |
| 34. With which of the following does the intercostobrachial nerve communicate? (A) medial brachial cutaneous nerve (B) thoracodorsal nerve (C) long thoracic nerve (D) first intercostal nerve (E) sympathetic trunk |
| 35. The musculophrenic arteries give rise to which of the following? (A) anterior intercostal arteries for intercostal spaces 7–9 (B) posterior intercostals arteries for intercostal spaces 3–11 (C) subcostal artery (D) inferior phrenic artery (E) lumbar arteries |
| 36. Anterior and posterior intercostals arteries pass between which two layers? (A) skin and external intercostal muscles (B) external and internal intercostal muscles (C) internal and innermost intercostals muscles (D) innermost intercostal muscles and transversalis fascia (E) transversalis fascia and peritoneum |
| 37. Of the bronchopulmonary segments in the superior lobe of the left lung, which two are combined to form the lingula? (A) apical and posterior (B) posterior and anterior(C) anterior and superior (D) superior and inferior (E) apical and inferior |
| 38. Which of the following areas do NOT receive visceral afferent fibers? (A) bronchial mucosa (B) bronchial muscles (C) interalveolar connective tissue (D) pulmonary arteries and veins (E) diaphragm |
| 39. Sympathetic nerves do NOT contribute to which of the following? (A) diaphragm (B) bronchial muscle (C) pulmonary vessels (D) alveolar glands of the bronchial tree(E) sweat glands of the chest |
| 40. Which of the following is correct? (A) While a person is supine, the arch of the aorta lies superior to the transverse thoracic plane. (B) While a person is supine, the bifurcation of the trachea lies at the level of the xiphisternal junction and T9. (C) While a person is supine, the central tendon of the diaphragm is transected by the transverse thoracic plane. (D) While a person is standing, the arch of the aorta lies inferior to the transverse thoracic plane. (E) While a person is standing, the tracheal bifurcation is transected by the transverse thoracic plane. |
