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Acidosis & Alkalosis- Part 2
See all quizzes of Acidosis & Alkalosis at here:
Acidosis & Alkalosis- Part 1 |Acidosis & Alkalosis- Part 2| Acidosis & Alkalosis- Part 3| Acidosis & Alkalosis- Part 4
1.Fall in blood pH is accompanied by ?
A. Increase in ventilation
B. Peripheral arterial vasodilation
C. Central venoconstriction
D. All of the above
2. Normal-AG metabolic acidosis is also called ?
A. Hyperchloremic acidosis
B. Hypochloremic acidosis
C. Hyperkalemic acidosis
D. Hypokalemic acidosis
3. Increment () in AG (AG) is estimated by ?
A. Patient’s AG x 10
B. Patient’s AG + 10
C. Patient’s AG – 10
D. Patient’s AG ÷ 10
4. Which of the following acid anion in plasma is metabolizable ?
A. -hydroxybutyrate
B. Acetoacetate
C. Lactate
D. All of the above
5. Shohl’s solution is ?
A. Neutral
B. Acidic
C. Alkaline
D. Any of the above
6. Sodium salt in Shohl’s solution is ?
A. Chloride
B. Citrate
C. Bicarbonate
D. Sulphate
7. In a pure AG severe metabolic acidosis, goal is to increase the [HCO3–] to ?
A. 10 meq/L
B. 15 meq/L
C. 20 meq/L
D. 25 meq/L
8. In a pure AG severe metabolic acidosis, goal is to increase the pH to ?
A. 7.15
B. 7.25
C. 7.35
D. 7.45
9. Which of the following can cause high anion-gap metabolic acidosis ?
A. Lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis
B. Renal failure
C. Ingested toxins & their metabolites
D. All of the above
10. Which of the following ‘toxins’ can cause high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis ?
A. Ethylene glycol
B. Methanol
C. Salicylates
D. All of the above
11. Which of the following ‘ketoacidosis’ producing states can cause high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis ?
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
B. Alcoholic ketoacidosis
C. Starvation ketoacidosis
D. All of the above
12. Normal serum lactate level is ?
A. 0.5 – 1.7 mmol/L
B. 1.7 – 2.3 mmol/L
C. 2.5 – 3.7 mmol/L
D. 3.5 – 4.7 mmol/L
13. Type A lactic acidosis is due to all except ?
A. Severe anemia
B. Mitochondrial enzyme defects
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Shock
14. Type B lactic acidosis is due to all except ?
A. Renal failure
B. Hepatic failure
C. Circulatory failure
D. Carbon monoxide poisoning
15. Which of the following can cause Type B lactic acidosis ?
A. Biguanides
B. Ethanol
C. Methanol
D. All of the above
16. Which of the following can cause Type B lactic acidosis ?
A. Isoniazid
B. AZT analogues
C. Fructose
D. All of the above
17. The nitroprusside ketone reaction can detect ?
A. Acetoacetic acid
B. Beta-hydroxybutyrate
C. A+B
D. None of the above
18. Which of the following about alcoholic ketoacidosis is false ?
A. Occurs in chronic alcoholics when alcohol consumption is abruptly curtailed
B. Associated with binge drinking, vomiting, starvation and volume depletion
C. Glucagon levels are increased
D. Growth hormone levels are decreased
19. Which of the following about alcoholic ketoacidosis is false ?
A. Acidosis is because of elevated -hydroxybutyrate
B. Nitroprusside ketone reaction does not detect -hydroxybutyrate
C. Insulin levels are high
D. Triglyceride levels are increased
20. Which of the following is exacerbated by glucose infusion for treatment of AKA ?
A. Hypophosphatemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
D. All of the above
21. Plasma osmolality (Posm) is calculated by ?
A. Posm= 2Na+ + Glucose (mmol/L) + Urea (mmol/L)
B. Posm= 2Na+ + Glucose (mmol/L) + BUN (mmol/L)
C. Posm= 2Na+ + Glucose (mmol/L) + (3 x Albumin)
D. Posm= 2Na+ + 3Glucose (mmol/L)
22. Osmolar gap is calculated by ?
A. Calculated osmolality – measured osmolality
B. 2Na+ + Glucose (mmol/L) + (3 x Albumin)
C. 2Na+ + 3Glucose (mmol/L)
D. 2Na+ + Glucose (mmol/L) + Urea (mmol/L)
23. Unit of osmolality is ?
A. mOsm/kg/H2O
B. mOsm/kg/Plasma
C. mOsm/kg/Serum
D. mOsm/kg/Blood
24. Which of the following can cause an elevated osmolal gap ?
A. Ethylene glycol
B. Methanol
C. Isopropyl alcohol
D. All of the above
